MXene‐Enhanced Electromembrane Systems for Advanced Water Applications: A Review

Advancements in water treatment increasingly rely on innovative materials that enhance efficiency, selectivity, and sustainability in pollutant removal. The emergence of the materials era has introduced nanostructured compounds with unprecedented properties, reforming membrane‐based filtration and separation technologies. Among advanced materials, MXenes—2D nanomaterials—offer a unique combination of high electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and tunable surface chemistry, enabling superior ion transport, antifouling properties, and electro‐assisted pollutant removal. This review comprehensively covers the applications of MXenes in electrically enhanced membrane processes, highlighting their high potential in membrane capacitive deionization and ion‐exchange membrane (IEM) processes. By fully assessing multiple electrically enhanced membrane technologies, this study demonstrates the capability of MXenes in leveraging charge‐driven mechanisms and electrostatic interactions. Yet, challenges such as scalability, oxidation resistance, and energy efficiency still prevail. This study suggests that future research should focus on scalable synthesis techniques, long‐term stability improvements, and energy‐efficient designs to fully integrate electrically enhanced MXene‐based membranes into large‐scale water treatment systems.