Ideal cardiovascular health and cardiovascular related events: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Femke te Hoonte, Merve Spronk, Qi Sun, Kangrui Wu, Shiqi Fan, Ziyi Wang, Michiel L Bots, Yvonne T Van der Schouw, Alicia Uijl, Robin W M Vernooij- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
- Epidemiology
Abstract
Aims
The aim of this study was to systematically review and quantitatively summarise the evidence on the association between Life Simple's 7 (LS7) and multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD).
Methods
EMBASE and PubMed were searched from January 2010 to March 2022 for observational studies that investigated the association between ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) with CVD or CMD outcomes in an adult population. Two reviewers independently selected studies according to the eligibility criteria, extracted data, and evaluated risk of bias. Data were analysed with a random-effect meta-analysis.
Results
This meta-analysis included 59 studies (1,881,382 participants). Participants with ideal CVH had a considerably lower risk of a variety of CVDs and CMDs as compared to those with poor CVH, varying from 40% lower risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) (HR = 0.60 [95% CI 0.44-0.83]) to 82% lower risk for myocardial infarction (HR = 0.18 [95% CI 0.12-0.28]). Intermediate CVH was associated with 27%-57% lower risk in CVDs and CMDs compared to poor CVH, with the highest hazard for AF (HR = 0.73 [95% CI 0.59-0.91]), and the lowest hazard for peripheral arterial disease (HR = 0.43 [95% CI 0.30-0.60]).
Conclusion
Ideal and moderate CVH were associated with a lower incidence of CVDs and CMDs than poor CVH. LS7 holds significant potential for promoting overall CVH and thereby contributing to the prevention of CVDs.