Epidemiology and survival of adult-type diffuse glioma in Belgium during the molecular era
Harry Pinson, Geert Silversmit, Dimitri Vanhauwaert, Katrijn Vanschoenbeek, Jean-Pierre Kalala Okito, Steven De Vleeschouwer, Tom Boterberg, Cindy De Gendt- Cancer Research
- Neurology (clinical)
- Oncology
Abstract
Background
Survival data of diffuse adult-type glioma is mostly based on prospective clinical trials or small retrospective cohort studies. Real-world data with large patient cohorts is currently lacking.
Methods
Using the nation-wide, population based Belgian Cancer Registry (BCR), all known histological reports of patients diagnosed with an adult-type diffuse glioma in Belgium between 2017 and 2019 were reviewed. The ICD-O-3 morphology codes were matched with the histological diagnosis. The gathered data was transformed into the 2021 WHO classification of CNS tumors using the IDH- and 1p/19q-mutation status.
Results
Between 2017 and 2019, 2233 diffuse adult-type gliomas were diagnosed in Belgium. Full molecular status was available in 67,1% of identified cases. The age-standardized incidence rate of diffuse adult-type glioma in Belgium was estimated 8,55 per 100.000 person years and 6,72 per 100.000 person years for grade 4 lesions. Median overall survival time in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma was 9,3 months, significantly shorter compared to grade 4 IDH-mutant astrocytoma (median survival time: 25,9 months). The 3-year survival probability was 86,0% and 75,7% for grade 2 and 3 IDH-mutated astrocytoma. IDH-wildtype astrocytoma has a worse prognosis with a 3-year survival probability of 31,6% for grade 2 and 5,7% for grade 3 lesions.
Conclusion
This registry-based study presents a large cohort of adult-type diffuse glioma with known molecular status and uses real-world survival data. It adds to the current literature which is mainly based on historical landmark trials and smaller retrospective cohort studies.