Antimalarial activities of benzothiazole analogs: A systematic review
Linh Tran, Vo Linh Tu, Mohammad Najm Dadam, Jeza Muhamad Abdul Aziz, Tran Le Dinh Duy, Hajer Hatim Hassan Ahmed, Patrick Amanning Kwaah, Hoang Nghia Quoc, Truong Van Dat, Satoshi Mizuta, Kenji Hirayama, Nguyen Tien Huy- Pharmacology (medical)
- Pharmacology
Abstract
Background
Benzothiazole derivatives have been reported to possess a wide range of biological activities, including antimalarial activity. This systematic review aims to summarize and evaluate the antimalarial activities of benzothiazole analogs.
Methods
We conducted an electronic search using nine databases in October 2017 and subsequently updated in September 2022. We included all original in vitro and in vivo studies that documented the antimalarial activities of compounds containing benzothiazole analogs with no restriction. The risk of bias of each included study was assessed by ToxRTool.
Results
Twenty‐eight articles were included in our study, which are in vitro, in vivo, or both. Of these, 232 substances were identified to have potent antiplasmodial activity against various strains of the malaria parasite. Benzothiazole analogs show different antimalarial mechanisms, including inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum enzymes in in vitro studies and inhibition of blood parasites in in vivo studies.
Conclusions
Benzothiazole derivatives are promising substances for treating malaria. The structure–activity relationship studies suggest that the substitution pattern of the benzothiazole scaffold plays a crucial role in determining the antimalarial activity of the analog.