A liquid column resonance (LCR) transducer, also referred to as an organ pipe transducer, is a type of transducer that utilizes the liquid column resonance mode to produce acoustic energy underwater. Traditional transducers, such as piezoelectric rings or Janus transducers, are commonly used as the driving source in LCR transducers. A flextensional transducer (FT) is introduced into the LCR transducer as the driving source because of the relatively larger volume velocity at low frequencies. Moreover, the eigen-mode of the Class IV FT is easier to couple with the LCR mode to broaden the bandwidth of a LCR transducer. To overcome the problems associated with the low stiffness of elliptical metal pipes, an improved aluminum pipe, which has a cross-beam to increase the stiffness, was proposed and utilized in a LCR transducer driven by a Class IV FT. The fabricated LCR transducer prototype driven by the Class IV FT has two resonance peaks from 700–2000 Hz, and the transmitting voltage response values of these peaks are 132.1 and 137.8 dB (re 1 μPa/V @1 m). Comparing with an LCR transducer driven by a 33-mode ring, the results show that the LCR transducer driven by a Class IV FT provides good efficiency and broadband characteristics.

More from our Archive

• DOI: 10.1177/14613484231189636 2023

  Overtaking interaction of electron-acoustic solitons in Saturn’s magnetosphere

  M Yousaf Khattak, W Masood, R Jahangir, M Siddiq, Albandari W Alrowaily, S A El-Tantawy

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020534 2023

  Mesoscale habitat use by St. Lawrence estuary beluga over the annual cycle from an acoustic recording network

  Yvan Simard, Samuel Giard, Nathalie Roy, Florian Aulanier, Véronique Lesage

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020544 2023

  A review of ultrasonic vocalizations in mice and how they relate to human speech

  Kylie Yao, Maria Bergamasco, Maria Luisa Scattoni, Adam P. Vogel

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020273 2023

  Relative importance and interactions of parameters of finite-element models of human middle ear

  Arash Ebrahimian, Hossein Mohammadi, Nima Maftoon

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020536 2023

  Representations of fricatives in subcortical model responses: Comparisons with human consonant perception

  Yasmeen Hamza, Afagh Farhadi, Douglas M. Schwarz, Joyce M. McDonough, Laurel H. Carney

• DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5030044 2023

  A Stable IIR Filter Design Approach for High-Order Active Noise Control Applications

  Yongjie Zhuang, Yangfan Liu

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020175 2023

  Differential benefits of unmasking extended high-frequency content of target or background speech

  Brian B. Monson, Rohit M. Ananthanarayana, Allison Trine, Vahid Delaram, G. Christopher Stecker, Emily Buss

• DOI: 10.1121/1.4989058 2023

  Predicting sound-localization performance with hearing-protection devices using computational auditory models

  Paul Calamia, Christopher Smalt, Shakti K. Davis, Austin Hess

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020071 2023

  Acoustic behavior in the northern short-tailed shrew (<i>Blarina brevicauda</i>): Ultrasonic click production in a novel environment

  Margaret E. Gleason, Valerie M. Eddington, Laura N. Kloepper

• DOI: 10.1121/10.0020291 2023

  Absolute measurement of sampling jitter in audio equipment

  Makoto Takeuchi, Haruo Saito