DOI: 10.1002/alz.082585 ISSN: 1552-5260

阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍患者的外周免疫细胞与神经心理学量表、18 F‐FDG、18F‐AV45 PET‐CT 之间的相关性

Yu Zhan, Huiling Zhou, Jian Kang, Li Zhao, Chunbo Dong
  • Psychiatry and Mental health
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
  • Geriatrics and Gerontology
  • Neurology (clinical)
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Health Policy
  • Epidemiology

Abstract

Background

Immune dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was previously thought to be limited to the central nervous system, but recent studies suggest that the peripheral immune system also plays a key role. This study compared and analyzed the changes in peripheral immune cells in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and their correlation with cognition, and combined 18F‐FDG PET and 18F‐AV45 PET to investigate the role of peripheral immune cells in AD pathology and the possibility as biomarkers for early clinical diagnosis and disease assessment.

Methods

The 146 participants included 70 AD patients, 26 MCI patients, and 50 controls. 34 AD patients tested with 18F‐AV45 (18F ‐Florbetapir) positron emission tomography (PET). 23 were Aβ‐positive (A+), and 11 were Aβ‐negative (A‐). All participants had a peripheral immune cell, cognitive evaluation, and detailed nervous system examination.

Results

(1) Significant differences in peripheral immune cells in AD compared with MCI and CG; (2) There was no significant correlation between NEU%, NLR, LY, and LY% and cognitive scale scores for patients in the AD and A+ groups, while there was a significant correlation with cognitive scale scores in the MCI and A‐ groups; and (3) Peripheral immune cells NEU%, NLR, LY, and LY% in A+ patients were correlated with FDG metabolism in several functional brain areas and Aβ load in some brain areas, but not with Aβ load in all functional brain areas in A‐ patients.

Conclusion

Differences in peripheral immune cells help to distinguish AD from MCI, with NLR having better diagnostic efficacy. peripheral immune cells may have a greater impact on early cognitive dysfunction; NEU%, NLR, LY, and LY% may be associated with Aβ deposition and could serve as potential biomarkers for early clinical diagnosis and disease assessment in AD.

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