ZIF‐Derived Nanocomposite Supporting Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles Toward Degradation of Basic Fuchsin Dye in Wastewater via Enhanced ROS Generation
Vuong Ngoc‐Nhat Ngo, Nhin Van Pham, Loc Phuoc Nguyen, Thanh Huynh‐Vu Luong, Ngoc‐Hanh, Cao‐Luu, Thanh Q. C. Nguyen, Giao H. DangABSTRACT
This research synthesized a ZIF‐9‐based catalytic material combined with supermagnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs), Fe 3 O 4 /ZIF‐9, to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in the basic fuchsin (BF) treatment process. Comprehensive characterization Fe 3 O 4 /ZIF‐9 of by PXRD, FT–IR, SEM, EDX, VSM, and N 2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms techniques confirmed that the Fe 3 O 4 NPs were successfully incorporated into ZIF‐9 without affecting its crystal structure. With the action of 0.04 g L −1 of Fe 3 O 4 /ZIF‐9 and 0.2 g L −1 of PMS, the treatment efficiency of BF (30 mg L −1 ) reached 97.4% ± 0.1% after 20 min at room temperature (28°C). In the Fe 3 O 4 /ZIF‐9/PMS system for BF removal, the Co and Fe leaching concentrations were 0.216 and 0.007 mg.L −1 , respectively. The main agents degrading BF were identified as singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and sulfate radical (SO 4 •− ). High‐performance mass spectrometry (HRMS) and the ecological structure‐activity relationship prediction model showed a reduction in by‐product toxicity compared to the original BF. Furthermore, the Fe 3 O 4 /ZIF‐9 catalytic system showed excellent recovery and reuse after 4 cycles, with efficiency remaining above 85%. This study has demonstrated the superior effectiveness of metal nanocatalysts based on ZIFs synthesized by a simple solvothermal method, highlighting their role in environmental pollution treatment and promising expansion into other practical applications.