Wound healing and antimicrobial properties of essential oil ointments in an experiment

Objective: To study the wound-healing and antimicrobial properties of lipovitol, carviol, and limonol ointments in experiments on white rats. Materials and Methods: To study the wound-healing properties and antimicrobial efficacy of 2% and 3% lipovitol, carviol, and limonol ointments, experiments were conducted under vivarium conditions. Results: The wound area in the series treated with 2% and 3% lipovitol and carviol ointments significantly decreased compared to the initial state. On the third day, the reduction was 22.5%, 25%, 20%, and 23.5%, respectively. By the seventh day, wounds had decreased by 66%, 72.5%, 65%, and 67.5%. On the fourteenth day, in rats treated with 2% lipovitol and carviol ointments, wounds had shrunk to 98.5% and 94% of their initial size. Complete healing was observed with the 3% ointments. The study results showed that 3% lipovitol, carviol, and limoneneol ointments effectively relieve inflammation (reduce exudation, hyperemia, and swelling) by the ninth day. By the tenth to eleventh day, the wounds begin to fill with granulation tissue. Complete healing occurred by the twelfth day in the groups using 3% ointments and by the fourteenth day in the Levomekol group. The ointments have proven effective against a variety of bacteria. They inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus over an area of 30.0 to 36.0 mm, Escherichia coli over an area of 21.2 to 24 mm, Bacillus subtilis over an area of 20.1 to 24.0 mm, Staphylococcus albus over an area of 18.2 to 32.0 mm, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa over an area of 17.2 to 19.0 mm. Conclusion: Experimental studies have shown that 2% and 3% ointments based on essential oils, such as lipovitol, carviol, and limoneneol, have pronounced wound-healing and antimicrobial properties. This is likely due to their antioxidant, membrane-stabilizing, and anti-inflammatory effects.