Wetlands in Moroccan Law

Presented at the International Conference on Legal Aspects of Wetland Protection held in Lyon in September 1987, this paper systematically evaluates the status of wetlands in Moroccan law, highlighting both the richness and singular fragility of these natural environments and the inadequacy of the legal framework designed to protect them. The author defines wetlands rigorously in their morphological diversity (marshes, swamps, peatlands, floodplains, artificial water bodies) and exposes their fundamental ecological functions: synthesis between terrestrial and aquatic environments, wildlife refuge, natural water purification, hydrological regulation, and scientific, economic, recreational, and cultural values. The legal analysis inventories all Moroccan legislative and regulatory texts that may apply directly or indirectly to wetland protection, concluding that the absence of a specific and coherent legal regime and the prejudicial fragmentation of protection mechanisms require urgent remedy. The author recommends the adoption of specific wetland legislation, accession to the Ramsar Convention, and the development of participatory management plans involving riparian communities.