Viral Hepatitis B and C Screening in an elite group in North-Central Nigeria: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study
Kosisochukwu E. Udeogu, Ozioma P. Igwe, Uchenna N. Ijoma, Yusuf A. AgabiAbstract
Introduction:
Chronic viral hepatitis remains a major global health concern, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where Nigeria bears a high disease burden. Despite the World Health Organisation’s (WHO’s) target to eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections by 2030, testing and treatment coverage in Nigeria remain suboptimal. This study assessed HBV and HCV prevalence in a community in North Central Nigeria to inform local elimination efforts.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted during a medical outreach at the Emir’s palace in Shabu, Nasarawa State, in October 2022. A total of 117 participants, including royal family members, village heads and nearby residents, were screened for HBV and HCV using rapid diagnostic test kits. Data on age, gender, and test results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 27, with significance set at a
Results:
Amongst 117 participants (median age: 45 years; 58.1% male), the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibodies was 8.5% each. Overall, 15.4% had either infection, whereas 0.9% were co-infected. Participants positive for HBsAg were significantly younger than those negative (median age: 33 years vs. 47 years;
Conclusion:
The prevalence of HBV and HCV in the community exceeds national averages, revealing persistent gaps in awareness and screening even amongst privileged populations. Targeted education, screening, and access to antiviral therapy are essential to achieve the WHO elimination goals and promote equitable hepatitis control in Nigeria.