DOI: 10.4103/jncd.jncd_21_25 ISSN: 2468-8827

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Type 2 Diabetes Distress Assessment System (T2-DDAS-TR)

Arzu Bulut, Emre Hoca, Hayriye Esra Ataoğlu, Halil Şengül, Nilsu Kalayci
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ABSTRACT

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Type 2 Diabetes Distress Assessment System (T2-DDAS-TR) and to examine its validity and reliability among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials and Methods:

This methodological study was conducted with 153 patients with T2DM attending an internal medicine outpatient clinic between December 2022 and April 2023. Construct validity was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 and LISREL 8.80. Data were collected through a demographic information form and the T2-DDAS-TR. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients.

Results:

Language equivalence and content validity were ensured through expert review and pretesting. CFA confirmed the 29-item, eight-factor structure of the T2-DDAS-TR, comprising eight items for core distress and 21 items across seven distress source domains. Fit indices indicated acceptable model fit ( χ 2 /df = 1.951, comparative fit index = 0.96, incremental fit index = 0.96, root mean square error of approximation = 0.074, standardized root mean square residual = 0.071). Item factor loadings ranged from 0.35 to 0.78. Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from 0.55 to 0.89 across subscales, demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency.

Conclusion:

The T2-DDAS-TR exhibited strong content validity, construct validity, and reliability, supporting its use as a culturally appropriate instrument for assessing both the intensity and sources of diabetes-related distress in Turkish patients with T2DM. Further studies on larger and more diverse samples are recommended to confirm its robustness across the clinical settings.

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