Validation of the Hindi-Translated Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire among Parents of Children with Bronchial Asthma
Shalini Verma, Shally Awasthi, Sarika GuptaAbstract
Introduction:
Asthma education among caregivers is an integral part of asthma management. The study validates the Hindi version of the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ).
Methods:
This was a pilot study conducted among 100 parents of children between 7 and 15 years with bronchial asthma. The original English NAKQ tool was forward and back translated into Hindi. A face-to-face interview was conducted to administer the tool. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out to understand the factor structure, construct, validity, and reliability of the questionnaire.
Results:
The Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.641. The Hindi NAKQ was factorable as demonstrated by a significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity. The EFA revealed a four-factor solution explaining 22.5% of the variance. The construct validity showed that items 4, 7, 14, and 17 had poor correlation (of the total 31 items) with the overall scale score (<0.2), and therefore, the items were deleted. Using the four factors with all 27 items, a statistical model was generated with a good fit, as indicated by a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) value of 0.0546, which was close to the acceptable cutoff of 0.06.
Conclusion:
The Hindi-translated version of NAKQ tool is reliable and valid to be administered among the Indian participants.