Use of a Degradable Piezoelectric Hydrogel to Enhance Bone Formation in a Canine Model of Ligature-Induced Periodontal Disease—A Proof of Principle Study

Periodontal disease (PD) is a multi-factorial condition that may lead to tissue destruction and tooth loss. Multirooted teeth are at high risk due to the furcation space where roots diverge, and new regenerative therapies are needed to support complete repair. This study assessed safety and preliminary efficacy of an injectable piezoelectric-based hydrogel (Ambrilux Dental Gel) in a canine model of ligature-induced PD. Animals were randomized to study treatment (n = 3) (two applications 28 days apart) or control (n = 3). Laboratory results were normal throughout the study. Radiographs demonstrated increase in furcation bone density in all treated animals by 28 days after first treatment, which continued following the second treatment. Control animals showed continued loss of bone or minimal regeneration. Quantitative CT showed treated animals had 37% greater furcation bone mineral density, 18% greater bone volume and 21% greater bone volume to tissue volume ratio compared to control. As a proof-of-concept evaluation with limited sample size, findings provide the first direct evidence that a degradable, piezo-based hydrogel is efficacious for PD treatment in large animals and can inform future, larger-scale studies. The ability of Ambrilux to promote bone growth in tooth furcations suggests it could be a safe and novel approach to PD.