Unveiling economic exploitation: The hidden struggles of Palestinian women amid conflict and cultural norms
Oqab Jabali, Hanan Abu Mukh, Rana QadriBackground
In the context of ongoing conflict and socioeconomic instability in Palestine, economic exploitation remains a significant yet underexamined dimension of gender-based vulnerability. Structural inequalities, displacement, and war-related pressures may intensify financial control and abuse against women, particularly those in marginalized settings.
Objectives
This study investigates the prevalence and forms of economic exploitation among Palestinian women and examines how education level, residential location, and marital status shape vulnerability. It also explores how conflict conditions influence women’s financial experiences and coping strategies.
Design
A convergent mixed-methods design was employed, integrating quantitative survey data with qualitative interview findings to provide a comprehensive understanding of economic exploitation in a conflict-affected context.
Methods
Fifty-four women aged 20–50 completed the Arabic-translated Scale of Economic Abuse (α = 0.957). Descriptive and comparative analyses were conducted to assess levels and patterns of economic exploitation. Additionally, twelve purposefully selected participants representing diverse socioeconomic backgrounds were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to explore lived experiences and coping mechanisms.
Results
Findings indicate low-to-moderate levels of economic exploitation (M = 2.41, SD = 0.67). Indirect financial abuses—such as coerced borrowing (41%), unauthorized use of savings (39%), and theft of personal funds (38%)—were most prevalent. Vulnerability was higher among women residing in refugee camps, those with lower educational attainment, and divorced or separated women. Qualitative findings revealed that war-related instability intensified financial control, prompting adaptive strategies including secret savings, rotating loan circles, and strict budgeting practices.
Conclusion
Economic exploitation in Palestine is shaped by intersecting structural and conflict-related factors. While women demonstrate resilience through adaptive financial coping strategies, systemic interventions are needed. Financial literacy initiatives, strengthened legal protections, and gender-responsive economic policies are essential to enhance women’s autonomy and reduce vulnerability in conflict-affected settings.