Unlocking Wide‐Temperature Battery States via Noninvasive Nonlinear Ultrasound
Xiaolei Lin, Xiaofeng Li, Xianlin Cao, Jiyu Liu, Xinyi Yuan, Jinshan Wen, Yancheng You, Mingxi Deng, Weibin LiABSTRACT
Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are central to modern energy storage, yet evaluating their internal states under extreme thermal fluctuations remains a critical challenge. Here we present a non‐destructive evaluation framework that leverages the quasi‐static component (QSC) of nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves. By integrating an operando electro‐acoustic‐thermal platform, we isolate temperature‐induced artefacts from intrinsic acoustic signals. This statistical compensation enables the precise, simultaneous prediction of state of charge (SOC) and state of charge relative to nominal capacity (SOC N ) across a wide temperature span (−10°C to 40°C). Furthermore, in situ multidimensional characterization maps these ultrasonic signatures to temperature‐dependent mechanics and irreversible capacity fade mechanisms. Ultimately, this unified framework provides a scalable, quantitative diagnostic tool for reliable energy systems operating under extreme environments.