Understanding Cervical Screening Engagement Among Young South Asian Women: Perspectives of Women and Healthcare Professionals
Katie Merry, Zainab Laheri, Sarah Johns, Yasemin Hirst, Rebecca JeffersonABSTRACT
Background
Despite increased uptake of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, cervical screening participation among younger South Asian women has declined, particularly in deprived areas in England. The reasons for this pattern remain poorly understood. This study explored barriers and facilitators to cervical screening among South Asian women aged 25–29 in a deprived locality.
Methods
Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with South Asian women aged 25–29 ( n = 15) and healthcare professionals involved in cervical screening delivery ( n = 6) in Blackburn with Darwen. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Barriers to screening were multifactorial and included limited understanding of cervical screening and HPV, cultural norms surrounding modesty and sexuality, fear of community judgement and embarrassment, and structural challenges such as appointment access and competing responsibilities. Family networks acted as both barriers and facilitators. Healthcare professionals described adapting language to reduce fear, but highlighted service pressures related to staffing and funding, which constrained proactive engagement. Although most women reported receiving the HPV vaccination, understanding of HPV and the continued importance of cervical screening remained limited, highlighting opportunities to reinforce cervical screening education.
Conclusion
Cervical screening engagement among young South Asian women is shaped by intersecting cultural, emotional, and structural influences, which may be intensified in deprived settings. HPV vaccination should be accompanied by clear communication about the continued importance of cervical screening, particularly where knowledge and awareness remain low. Culturally responsive communication, flexible service provision and community partnership approaches are needed to address persistent inequalities in screening uptake.
Patient or Public Contribution
The study was informed by prior community engagement and public involvement work with underserved populations. Interview guides were developed in collaboration with a public advisor from the South Asian community to ensure they were relevant, inclusive, and reflective of community priorities.