Twelve‐Month Outcomes of a Preventive Dysphagia Intervention in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer—A Randomized Study
Kerstin Petersson, Signe Rödseth Smith, Charlotte Johansson‐Malmeling, Caterina Finizia, Lisa TuomiABSTRACT
Background
Radiation‐associated dysphagia is common after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and may occur early or years later. The effect of preventive exercises might be undermined by poor adherence.
Aim
To evaluate the effect of a simple preventive exercise protocol on swallowing function up to 12 months after radiotherapy.
Methods
Patients were randomized to an active group ( n = 45) or control group ( n = 44). The active group performed preventive exercises including the tongue hold exercise. Assessments were conducted before radiotherapy and at 1, 6, and 12 months post‐treatment using the Penetration‐Aspiration Scale, DIGEST‐FEES, and the M. D. Anderson dysphagia inventory.
Results
No significant differences were found between groups. However, participants with ≥ 75% adherence in the active group showed significantly less deterioration at 12 months on the penetration–aspiration scale.
Conclusions
Overall, no significant effect on swallowing function was demonstrated. However, results indicate that high adherence reduces deterioration.