TRL-based mapping of biomimetic projects: identification of development patterns and their influencing factors

ABSTRACT:

This study proposes a framework to map biomimetic innovation progress along TRLs and identify recurring development patterns. Pilot results reveal stagnation between TRL 2–4, linked to generic upscaling struggles and biomimetic-specific barriers. Emerging hypotheses suggest early onset of upscaling challenges post-POC and influence of biological model knowledge on progress. Study insights open paths for methodological work to bridge POC obtention and validation difficulties, and for further use of the framework on bigger datasets, to build a baseline for biomimetic innovation development.