Triboelectric Nanogenerator‐Enabled Wireless Self‐Powered Sensing System Leveraging Radio Frequency

ABSTRACT

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising solution to the challenge of powering distributed sensor nodes in the Internet of Things by harvesting ambient mechanical energy. However, the conventional dependence on physical wiring severely constrains the scalable deployment of multinode sensing systems. In this work, we present an innovative self‐powered wireless sensing architecture that seamlessly merges TENG energy harvesting with localized radio frequency (RF)‐based wireless power transmission. A bulk‐effect‐based TENG is designed, achieving a maximum power density of 14.5 W m ⁻² . The captured energy is regulated by a silicon‐controlled rectifier and converted into 900 MHz RF signals via a voltage‐controlled oscillator, enabling wireless power transmission over a distance of up to 70 cm. The integration of a Dickson voltage multiplier rectifier and an ultraefficient power management unit at the receiver enables support for an energy‐accumulation‐driven vibration monitoring cycle, facilitating intermittent sensing operation without battery constraints. This work demonstrates a fully self‐sustained architecture for distributed sensing nodes, offering a wiring‐free power solution with potential for low‐power, duty‐cycled Internet of Things sensing applications.