Transparent and Conductive Silver Nanowire Cavity-Based Glass for High Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Abstract

Transparent electromagnetic shielding windows with high optical transmittance and strong electromagnetic interference (EMI) suppression are essential for modern electronics. Herein, cavity-based silver nanowire (AgNW)-coated glass was developed to enhance EMI shielding while maintaining high transparency. AgNWs were synthesized by a modified polyol method, deposited onto glass substrates by electrostatic spray coating, and assembled face-to-face with controlled spacers to form cavity-type structures. By varying the air-layer thickness from 1 to 10 mm, the cavity configuration achieved more than twofold SE enhancement compared with single-layer AgNW glass at comparable optical transmittance, with maximum SE obtained at 7–8 mm. Across 8–12 GHz, cavity-based glasses exhibited average SE above 45 dB and SE exceeding 50 dB in specific frequency regions. At 10 GHz, the optimized sample achieved maximum SE of 56 dB while maintaining optical transmittance of 81%. Simulations indicate that cavity-induced field interference enhances electromagnetic energy dissipation by increasing SEA relative to SER. This AgNW cavity strategy provides a scalable route to high-performance transparent EMI-shielding glass.