Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement to Treat Severe Calcified Rheumatic Native Mitral Stenosis: Role of 3-Dimensional Printing – A Case Report
Mengen Zhai, Yu Mao, Yang Liu, Jian Yang- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract
Background
Rheumatic heart disease is a major disease that seriously affects human health and survival worldwide. Rheumatic mitral stenosis often has relatively complex pathological changes, and its progression leads to various manifestations of mitral valve dysfunction and adverse clinical events.
Case summary
We present a 60-year-old patient who developed chest tightness, shortness of breath, and bilateral lower limb edema in 2018 (New York Heart Association functional class III). Systolic and diastolic murmurs could be heard in the mitral auscultation area. In December 2021, the patient was admitted to the hospital with stroke. Thereafter, transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography were performed, and the progress of rheumatic mitral stenosis was recorded. Due to the patient's high surgical risk, a patient-specific 3-dimensional printed model was used to observe anatomical structures and simulate main procedures, and the surgeons finally chose to perform transcatheter mitral valve replacement. The balloon-expandable bioprothesis was released from the right femoral artery to treat the rheumatic mitral stenosis. The patient remained asymptomatic at the 6-month follow-up.
Discussion
For patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis with high surgical risk, it is feasible to conduct transcatheter mitral valve replacement under the guidance of 3-dimensional printing.