The Soviet-Turkish Treaty of Friendship and Neutrality of 1925 as an Element of the USSR'S Security System in the Mid-1920-s

The article is devoted to the study of the Soviet-Turkish Treaty of Friendship and Neutrality signed in 1925. It investigates the historical conditions preceding the signing of the treaty, emphasizing the complex international situation and mutual suspicions between the countries. The main reason to conclude the treaty was the desire to strengthen security for both the USSR and Turkey amidst pressure from Western powers and internal threats. The negotiation process is described as complicated and lengthy, involving discussions on various aspects of cooperation, including economic collaboration and military guarantees. Special attention is given to the difficulties encountered during negotiations due to mistrust among both parties. Russian representatives sought to ensure Turkish support in case of possible aggression by third-party states, while Turkish leadership aimed to avoid dependence on major powers, seeking to enhance its own position on the global stage.The article highlights important consequences of the treaty: laying foundations for long-term cooperation, creating mechanisms for resolving potential conflicts, and limiting interference by third parties in bilateral relations. However, it is noted that over time, the significance of the treaty diminished due to changes in the international environment and new factors affecting regional security. Increased international tension, resulting from the expansion of European influence, led to a decrease in the importance of the treaty.The Soviet-Turkish Treaty of 1925 became a significant event in the history of relations between these two countries, providing stabilization in the region and setting the groundwork for future interactions despite gradually losing relevance in subsequent decades.