The role of the cerebellum in the coordination of brain activity and the development of autism spectrum disorders

The cerebellum, a component of the central nervous system, has long been recognized for its role in coordinating movement. However, it was only toward the end of the 20th century that its functions were recognized as extending far beyond this traditional view. The cerebellum serves as a universal coordinator and regulator of both motor and non-motor higher cortical functions, including cognitive, speech, communication, and emotional processes. Anomalies and pathologies of the cerebellum during development can significantly impact the structural and functional maturation of all brain structures, particularly the cerebral cortex, thereby playing a crucial role in the development of autism spectrum disorders.