The problem of «ricochet damages» 
in classical tort law

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the problem of «ricochet losses» in the system of tort obligations of Russian civil law. The authors analyze the legal nature of ricochet losses as a variety of pure economic losses arising in a situation where direct physical harm is caused to the property or personality of one person, while property losses are borne by a third party who is not the holder of the damaged absolute right. The provisions of Articles 15, 393, 1064 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation are examined in the context of their applicability to ricochet losses, and the contradiction between the principle of full compensation of harm and the need to limit the scope of tort liability is revealed. The positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the issues of compensation of damages and the limits of civil liability are analyzed. Proposals are formulated for improving doctrinal and normative approaches to determining the boundaries of compensation for ricochet losses in Russian tort law.