The Prevalence of Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia, and Daily Intake of Fruits and Vegetables in Adult Residents of Isfahan Province, Isfahan STEPs Survey 2016
Nafiseh Shokri-Mashhadi, Mohammad Bagherniya, Bijan Iraj, Mohammad Sattari, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani, Zahra Kiani, Manoj Sharma, Glolamreza AskariAbstract
Introduction:
Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia remain important global public health issues associated with several comorbidities and mortalities. Although the prevention of these disorders requires reliable information on current prevalence and information about their modifiable risk factors, particularly diet, the recent region-specific prevalence of these disorders and daily fruits and vegetables consumption has not been identified, particularly in Isfahan Province, Iran. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to appraise the overall prevalence and absolute prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in Isfahan Province and report individual daily servings intake of vegetables and fruits.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was part of the risk factors surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) investigation, Isfahan STEPs 2016. Data from individuals who were 25 years old from 22 cities located in Isfahan Province, in both urban and rural areas, using cluster random sampling were included. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP of ≥90 mmHg, and hypercholesterolemia was distinguished as two ranges of cholesterol ≥170 mg/dl and cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl in the bloodstream. The daily intake of vegetables and fruits was evaluated using a validated questionnaire for both genders in 2016.
Results:
The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was reduced, but the prevalence of hypertension was found to have increased in both genders during the four years of study (
Conclusions:
Although it seems that the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was reduced, however, the increasing trend of hypertension, and low intake of fruits and vegetables revealed a health warning statement that highlights the need for effective prevention among this population.