DOI: 10.36253/979-12-215-1013-3 ISSN: 2612-8063

The Multi-Purpose Nature of Hydrogen for Decarbonising the European Energy System

Francesco Gabrielli
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This thesis analyses hydrogen production, transport, and end uses, assessing its integration into the European energy system and Italy’s role in the EU energy transition. Hydrogen, with no CO₂ emissions at use, is key for decarbonisation and industrial policy, but its scale-up is hindered by a demand-supply dilemma. Adopting an economic perspective, the study examines the EU regulatory framework, infrastructure investment needs, and import corridors, highlighting Italy’s strategic position along hydrogen supply routes from the southern and south-eastern Mediterranean. Despite adopting a national hydrogen strategy, Italy still needs clearer quantitative targets for renewable and low-carbon hydrogen to accelerate decarbonisation in hard-to-abate sectors and transition away from fossil fuels.

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