The mechanism of wastewater formation from artificial green areas in urbanized territories

The work presents an analysis of the formation of wastewater quality from artificial green zones in urbanized territories. The mechanisms of migration of pollutants in these systems are considered. To assess the quality of wastewater, open information was used, taking into account the regional specifics of the functioning of these objects, and own experimental studies on a model system. An analysis of scientific and technical literature has shown that, with some universality of the model of composition of these objects, the specificity of the formation of filtration waters can differ significantly. The composition of water depends on climatic conditions and the target function, design features and the composition of the enclosing layers. However, in a certain climatic zone, using a single algorithm for laying layers, it is possible to achieve universality of the formation of wastewater for the organization of its reuse. It has been experimentally established that wastewater from a sports field is slightly polluted under steady-state filtration conditions (average statistical values of BOD₅ are 181±17.0 mg O₂/dm³, COD – 385±54.0 mg O₂/dm³), which meets the requirements of the contract for the discharge of this water into the city sewer. Direct water users of such systems require additional treatment. During the analytical review, a fundamental technological analogy was revealed between the structures of a sports field and the biologically active layer of a landfill, formed at the final stage of its biological reclamation. Thus, the model (soil layer – membrane – drainage) can be used as an object of study for developing a controlled mechanism for the formation of soil layers for more complex nature-like systems. The obtained data will make it possible to predict the characteristics of the main runoff during the design and operation of artificial green zones. The practical significance of the work lies in expanding the understanding of the implementation of nature-like design in urbanized territories and during the reclamation of forest areas after technogenic impacts of various nature.