The Influence of Applied Voltage on Drying Kinetics, Quality, and Mathematical Modeling of Ginger During Electrohydrodynamic ( EHD ) Drying

ABSTRACT

This paper systematically evaluated the effects of electrohydrodynamic (EHD) on the drying characteristics, color, texture, moisture state, volatile components, and drying kinetics model of ginger. The results showed that EHD significantly increased the drying rate, rehydration rate, and effective moisture diffusion coefficient ( D _eff ) of ginger. Among all the evaluated parameters, a voltage of 17 kV can produce the highest quality ginger. The drying rate of the 21 kV treatment group was 4.48 times higher than that of the control group (CG). ln[ MR ] showed a highly linear relationship with time ( R ²  > 0.9). Among the ten thin‐layer drying kinetics models, Midilli et al.'s model performed the best. Under 17 kV conditions, the best color retention was achieved for dried ginger. EHD drying significantly improved the texture of ginger. LF‐NMR results showed a significant decrease in free water and an increase in bound water. Compared with the CG group, EHD showed good retention of most terpenoid compounds in dry ginger. SwissADME predicted six volatile compounds with good drug‐like properties. Based on this study, it has been confirmed that the EHD technology has a good application in the ginger industry, providing theoretical support and experimental basis for the further expansion of EHD technology in the field of food drying.