The Impact of Recent Collective Trauma in Israel on Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating: An Overview and Clinical Perspective

Background: Periods of collective crises are associated with substantial deterioration in mental health. Whereas trauma-related psychopathology has received considerable clinical and policy attention during such periods, eating disorders (EDs) and disordered eating (DE) remain comparatively under-recognized. EDs and DE are well recognized in the Israeli context; however, accumulating evidence indicates a significant increase in their prevalence during periods of collective crisis. Objective: We sought to synthesize empirical findings and clinical observations in Israel about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the October 2023 War on the emergence and exacerbation of DE and EDs, and to examine the implications for clinical practice and mental health policy. Methods: We conducted a narrative review integrating epidemiological data, findings from Israeli healthcare organizations, scientific studies, and clinical insights from specialized ED services. Results: Across both crises, Israel experienced a marked increase in the full spectrum of eating-related disturbances, ranging from emotional eating and subclinical DE to severe full-blown EDs. Adolescents and young adults were particularly affected, but increased ED-related disturbance was also observed among adults and individuals with pre-existing EDs. These findings coincide with a prolonged duration period before receiving treatment and with limited service capacity. In response, the mental health system attempted to implement rapid adaptations, including expanded telemedicine, short-term targeted interventions, and new ambulatory and day treatment programs. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that DE and EDs constitute a significant and escalating mental health burden during periods of collective crises that is comparable to other trauma-related conditions. Just as comprehensive short- and long-term intervention frameworks have been developed for trauma-related conditions, similar models are urgently required for EDs.