The feasibility of single-$${\Lambda }$$ production via $${\ell }^{-}$$ + p $${\rightarrow }$$ $${\Lambda }$$ + $${\nu }_{\ell }$$ at $$e^{+}e^{-}$$ colliders

Abstract

We present a comprehensive investigation of single-

hyperon production via the lepton-nucleon deep inelastic scattering (LNDIS) process,

$${\ell }^{-}$$ ℓ -

+ p

$${\rightarrow }$$ →

$${\nu }_{\ell }$$ ν ℓ

+

$${\Lambda }$$ Λ

, in the experimental environment of electron–positron colliders. Our approach utilizes incident leptons originating from the decays of resonances (

$${J/\psi }$$ J / ψ

,

$${\psi }(2S)$$ ψ ( 2 S )

,

$${\Upsilon }(1S)$$ Υ ( 1 S )

,

$${\Upsilon }(2S)$$ Υ ( 2 S )

, and

$$Z^{0}$$ Z 0

) produced in

$$e^{+}e^{-}$$ e + e -

collisions, which then scatter off stationary protons in the surrounding detector materials. The differential and total cross sections are calculated using baryonic transition form factors parameterized with the z -expansion scheme within both the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sum rule and lattice QCD frameworks. Our results indicate that the cross section increases with center-of-mass energy and is highly sensitive to the choice of form factors, resulting in significant theoretical uncertainties. This study highlights the experimental challenges in observing the LNDIS process at

$$e^{+}e^{-}$$ e + e -

colliders and underscores the need for improved determination of baryonic form factors. It serves as a valuable reference for future experimental searches and suggests that an anomalous observation of single-

$${\Lambda }$$ Λ

hyperon production at

$$e^{+}e^{-}$$ e + e -

colliders could indicate new physics.