The Evolution of Urban Boundaries: The Transition from Physical Boundaries to Landscape Edges

Urban boundaries have an important role in the creation, structure, maintenance, and character of historical urban districts. In historical cities, a combination of human-made and natural features created a divide between settlement areas and the surroundings, establishing a geographical boundary. As a result of the spatial expansion of urban areas, the idea of the Edge City has emerged, which is a major reflection of contemporary society. In urban areas, edge city show significant mass consumption-oriented urban development. Urban green belts are crucial for achieving sustainable urban growth because they limit city spatial expansion while maintaining the adjacent natural and agricultural habitats. This study aims to investigate the evolution of urban borders, from defensive city walls to permeable and sprawling forms of modern urban growth, focusing on the edge city concept. It emphasizes the importance of green spaces and urban landscapes in regulating urban growth and promoting sustainable development.