The Effect of Distributed and Intensive Practice With Audio-Visual Feedback on 100 m Sprint Skill Learning and Motor Response Time

and the increasing use of audio-visual feedback in motor learning, limited studies have investigated their combined effect on learning the technical phases of the 100m sprint and motor response time among university students. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of distributed and intensive practice schedules supported by audio-visual feedback on sprint skill learning and motor response time among first-year students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon. The study addressed the need for organized practice methods and modern feedback strategies that consider practice distribution, rest intervals, and sensory feedback in motor learning and performance. The experimental method was employed using a pre-test and post-test design with two experimental groups. The sample consisted of 20 first-year students who were randomly assigned to two equal groups. The first group performed distributed practice accompanied by audio-visual feedback, whereas the second group performed intensive practice using the same feedback method. The training program lasted eight weeks, with three educational units per week. Technical performance analysis, electronic timing systems, and motor response tests were used to assess 100m sprint performance and response time. The results revealed significant improvements in both groups, with greater improvements in the distributed practice group. Technical performance increased from 4.20 to 8.75 points in the distributed group and from 4.15 to 7.10 points in the intensive group. Motor response time decreased from 240 to 165 ms and from 242 to 195 ms, respectively. The study concluded that distributed practice combined with audio-visual feedback was more effective than intensive practice in improving technical performance and motor response speed in the 100m sprint. The study supports SDG 4 (Quality Education) through innovative, learner-centered teaching strategies in physical education.