The Dynamic Response of Habitat Quality in Wuyishan National Park to Climate Change and Adaptive Management Strategies

In this study, the InVEST model, GTWR, and the Geodetector were comprehensively employed to systematically assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of habitat quality in Wuyishan National Park and to reveal its response patterns to changes in precipitation and temperature. Throughout the study period, the habitat quality of Wuyishan National Park remained relatively high overall. Temporally, habitat quality displayed a phased pattern of an initial decline followed by an increase; nevertheless, an overall slight downward trend was observed, with the mean value decreasing slightly from 0.934 in 2000 to 0.927 in 2020. Spatially, a “core-periphery” differentiation was observed; spatial heterogeneity was identified in the response of habitat quality to climatic factors. A positive, promoting effect on habitat quality was primarily exerted by precipitation, although localized negative stress effects were observed along the park’s northern and southern edges; a negative, constraining effect was predominantly exerted by temperature, whereas a positive driving effect was observed in the southeastern scenic area. Bivariate enhancement effects were identified among the factor interactions. A scientific basis is provided by these findings for Wuyishan National Park to implement tiered and zoned management and to formulate differentiated climate adaptation strategies, thus enhancing ecosystem resilience and sustainable development capacity.