DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.10556 ISSN: 0924-9338

The Development of Self-Identity (‘I’) in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Clinical Implications for Self-Regulation

J. M. Pałasz

Introduction

The emergence of self-identity (‘I’) represents a fundamental milestone in child development. In neurotypical children, self-recognition and differentiation from others typically precede more advanced processes of emotional and behavioral self-regulation. However, in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the trajectory of self-identity development often follows an atypical path, influencing both communication and regulatory processes.

Objectives

To examine how alterations in self-identity development in children with ASD affect their capacity for emotional and behavioral self-regulation, and to discuss therapeutic implications for clinical practice in child psychiatry.

Methods

Clinical observations and therapeutic case studies of children aged 2–9 years with ASD were included in the analysis. The focus was on language acquisition, self-referential communication (use of “I”, “me”), and parental reports concerning self-awareness. Therapeutic interventions comprised structured speech and language therapy, parent-mediated strategies, and interdisciplinary collaboration with psychiatrists and psychologists.

Results

Children who exhibited delayed or atypical self-identity development presented greater challenges in self-regulation, including difficulties in frustration tolerance, impulse control, and emotional expression. Conversely, interventions targeting early self-referential communication and identity development were associated with improved capacity for self-regulation, enhanced social reciprocity, and reduced behavioral crises.

Conclusions

The development of self-identity is a key factor in the regulation of emotions and behavior in children with ASD. Integrating speech and language therapy focused on self-awareness into psychiatric care can support both communication and clinical outcomes. An interdisciplinary approach is essential to address the complex interplay between identity, communication, and regulation.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

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