The concept of «kitsch» in M. Kundera's novel «The unbearable lightness of being» and its artistic solution in the film adaptation of the same name by F. Kaufman

The subject of the research is the concept of «kitsch» in M. Kundera's novel «The unbearable lightness of being» and its artistic solution in the film adaptation of the same name by F. Kaufman. The novel «The unbearable lightness of being» is one of the most famous works of the Czech writer, raising questions of human existence, problems of personality adaptation to changing conditions of social and personal space, personal responsibility for loved ones and one's own words and actions. The relevance of the novel's problems is determined by the appeal to themes that remain significant for the modern reader. The object of the research is artistic techniques that allow cinematography to reveal the fundamental ideas of a literary work. Philosophical and ethical issues significant for literature remain relevant in cinematography. The art of cinema, which has a different set of artistic techniques, faces the problem of visually resolving complex substantive aspects of a literary work. The main research methods are analytical and comparative-historical. The analytical method allows us to analyze the basic conceptual provisions underlying the work and to comprehend the variants of their artistic solution in the film adaptation. The comparative-historical approach is manifested in the process of comparing and comprehending works of different types of art. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the main artistic techniques used by F. Kaufman in the film adaptation of the novel, which allow us to reveal the main ideas of the novel, first of all, the concept of «kitsch», one of the important components that make up the ideological basis of the components. The work of M. Kundera has repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers, since the author is a laureate of numerous literary awards and one of the most famous Czech writers in world literature. Researchers analyze mainly the ethical, mythological and philosophical aspects of his works. Film adaptations of the writer's novels have practically not been studied. To film works saturated with philosophical ideas is a difficult task for cinematography. The study of such film adaptations is of interest to art criticism, since it allows us to comprehend the artistic techniques used by directors.