DOI: 10.11648/j.jcebe.20250901.14 ISSN: 2640-267X

The Assessment of the Role of Parks and Botanical Gardens in Ethiopia

Gudeta Diribsa
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In Ethiopia, national and regional parks are crucial in conserving wild animals and plants in situ, protecting ecosystems, and maintaining biodiversity. Alongside these parks, botanical gardens serve as vital institutions for studying and preserving plant diversity, both in situ and ex-situ. These gardens are essential in addressing growing environmental challenges by safeguarding endangered plant species, promoting ecological awareness, and offering recreational and educational opportunities for the public. Their primary mission is to maintain documented collections of live plants to support scientific research, conservation efforts, public exhibitions, and environmental education. Botanical gardens engage in various scientific activities, including seed banking, taxonomy, systematics, genetics, biotechnology, plant propagation, horticulture, and restoration ecology. They also play a key role in public outreach, educating communities about the importance of biodiversity and sustainable practices. Additionally, these gardens contribute to climate resilience by reducing soil erosion, mitigating wind and water loss, and serving as green buffers against pollution and noise. They provide habitats for wildlife, including fish and other aquatic species, and function as ecological corridors connecting fragmented ecosystems. Similarly, national and regional parks protect flora and fauna and support scientific research, ecotourism, and community-based conservation initiatives. They act as natural barriers against environmental degradation, help regulate microclimates, and serve as buffer zones between human settlements and fragile ecosystems. Parks and botanical gardens form a network of conservation efforts essential for sustaining Ethiopia’s rich biodiversity, combating climate change, and ensuring environmental sustainability for future generations. Their integrated approach combines research, education, and ecosystem services, which makes them indispensable in global conservation strategies.

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