The ameliorative effects of vitamin-C on desloratadine degenerative changes on acini of submandibular gland of albino rats (light and transmission electron microscopic study)
Safaa I. Hussein, Hend El-MessiryBackground
Antihistamines that are frequently used in treating allergic reactions are known with adverse effects. They are used to treat allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Vitamin-C (Vit-C) is a powerful antioxidant, able to reduce free radicals production and minimizes oxidative stimuli generated by chemical and environmental factors.
Aim
To identify the effects of Vit-C on the desloratadine degenerative changes on the acini of submandibular glands in albino rats histologically and ultrastructurally.
Materials and methods
Forty-five male albino rats were distributed as; control group (Gp I): received saline orally. Desloratadine-treated group (Gp II): received desloratadine (0.245 mg/kg) orally for 21 days. Desloratadine/Vit-C-treated group (Gp III): rats were treated as Gp II and with vitamin-C (500 mg/kg) orally for 21 days. Glands were examined using light and transmission electron microscopes. Area percentage of acini was statistically analyzed.
Results
Gp II acini were widely separated with cytoplasmic vacuolations. Nuclei showed irregular outline, some were pyknotic and shrunken. Rough endoplasmic reticulum showed dilatation and mitochondria were swollen. In Gp III, spaces between acini were less and showed minimal vacuolations. Some rough endoplasmic reticulum were well-developed, others were fragmented and mitochondria were almost normal. Statistical analysis revealed area percentage of acini was significantly decreased in Gp II when compared Gp I and Gp III. Gp III showed a significantly decreased mean value as contrasted to Gp I and significant increase when contrasted to Gp II.
Conclusions
Desloratadine showed adverse effects on submandibular glands’ acini under light and transmission electron microscope. Vit-C enhanced these changes.