THBS1 as a Key Regulator of Myoblasts: Validation of Its Inhibitory Roles in Skeletal Muscle Development

Background: Thromboxane B2 Synthase 1 (THBS1), also known as TSP-1, is a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in various cellular processes that plays a crucial role in skeletal muscle development and repair. It acts as a key physiological activator of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), both in vivo and in vitro. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the effects of THBS1 on myoblast proliferation and differentiation using the mouse skeletal muscle satellite cell line C2C12 and to reveal its regulatory relationship with the TGF-β signaling pathway through a series of cellular and molecular experiments. Results: Overexpression or knockout of THBS1 in C2C12 cells regulates and upregulates the activity of the TGF-β signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells. Conclusions: These results provide a theoretical foundation for future research aimed at enhancing skeletal muscle quality in livestock and poultry and lay the groundwork for developing therapeutic strategies for skeletal muscle disorders.