Territorial aspects of specialization of peasant (farmer) households in Crimea

The article presents the results of a study on the development dynamics, specialization, and spatial distribution of peasant (farmer) households in the Republic of Crimea. Based on an analysis of materials from agricultural censuses and data from the Unified Register of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, it was established that the number of peasant (farmer) households in the region fluctuated between 2016 and 2025, reaching 1,825 households by mid-2025. A pronounced territorial differentiation is revealed: the largest number of farms is concentrated in the Dzhankoysky, Simferopolsky and Saksky districts. It is determined that the prevailing specialization of peasant (farmer) households in the republic is crop production, particularly the cultivation of grain crops (accounting for 51.14% of all households). Horticulture and viticulture are most developed in the Bakhchisaraysky district (68.92% of all households in the district), while livestock farming is most developed in the Chernomorsky district (34.29% of all peasant (farmer) households in the district). The authors conclude that the effective development of the farming sector requires a differentiated approach to land management and state support, taking into account the established specialization of municipalities. The results of the study can serve as a basis for improving regional land policy and enhancing the rationality and efficiency of agricultural land use.