DOI: 10.26650/jtl.2026.1603838 ISSN: 2459-1718

Ten Years of Low Emission Zones and Their Effects: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review

Şeyma Mavzeroğlu, Turan Paksoy, Ahmet Peker
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Low Emission Zones (LEZs) are policy-designated urban areas implemented to mitigate transport-related air pollution. Through the Low Emission Zone policy, vehicles that do not meet acceptable emission standards are prohibited from entering areas designated as Low Emission Zones. Non-compliant vehicles may be restricted, charged, or penalized depending on their emission levels. This measure, which was developed to address urban transportation-related environmental problems, has increasingly been adopted worldwide, particularly in Europe. In some countries, as a more stringent version, LEZs are implemented in more advanced forms through concepts such as"Ultra Low Emission Zone."The topics examined in relation to LEZs are classified as health and environmental impacts, public acceptance and social impacts, and economic impacts in literature. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the relevant literature on the assessment of LEZs by examining their environmental, health-related, social, and economic dimensions. It analyzes the key dimensions of practices and evaluation frameworks discussed in the literature. Moreover, this review aims to inform future research directions and advance the practical implementation of more effective policies.

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