Temporal and geographic patterns of breast cancer–related google search activity and its association with CDC-reported incidence in the United States (2005–2023)
Javeria Akhter, Aasiya Shahbaz, Hamza Shabbir, Tushar Kanti Bhadra, Muhammad NoshabBackground:
Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. With increasing reliance on digital platforms for health information, Google Trends has emerged as a potential tool for digital surveillance. This study aims to determine whether Google Trends search activity correlates with Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-reported breast cancer burden and to assess its viability as a complementary digital surveillance signal for public health monitoring.
Methods:
This study utilized Google Trends data to analyze prevalent breast cancer-related search terms from 2005 to 2023 in the United States. The latest CDC-reported breast cancer incidence rates for 2023 were compared with State-level relative search volume (RSV) to identify patterns. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between state-level RSV and breast cancer incidence rates.
Results:
Google Trends data showed a 21% increase in average annual breast cancer-related searches in the United States from 2005 to 2023. Linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant upward trend (
Conclusion:
Although national digital search interest in breast cancer has increased significantly over time, Google Trends data demonstrated weak geographic concordance with state-level incidence rates. These findings suggest that while digital search data may reflect evolving public engagement, they should be interpreted cautiously when used as a proxy for geographic disease burden in digital surveillance frameworks.