Technological methods of cultivation of bare oats for the production of seeds of higher reproductions

The article uses the results of research conducted in 2023-2025 by the Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Production of the Breeding and Seed Production Center of the Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center. The purpose of the experiment is to improve the technology of bare oat cultivation for the production of seeds of higher reproductions. Technological techniques were studied on the Nemchinovsky 61 variety: continuous sowing (5 million/ha of germinating seeds), wide-row sowing (2 million/ha of germinating seeds) and three variants of growth stimulators for pre-sowing seed treatment (Kornevin + ethamone, succinic acid + chlorella suspension, ethamone + chlorella suspension). Control is the treatment of seeds with water. In the laboratory experiment, growth stimulators exceeded germination energy by 3-6%, germination by 3-5%, and dry weight of seedlings by 12.3-14.2%. The maximum field germination rate (74.1%) and plant survival rate (50%) were established on wide-row sowing with Kornevin + ethamone seed treatment. Continuous sowing exceeded the broad-row yield by 0.87 t/ha (33.1%). The maximum yield of 3.68 t/ha was obtained on continuous sowing (ethamone + chlorella suspension), and on wide-row sowing 2.78 t/ha (Kornevin + ethamone). The capacity of the cenosis of seeds in continuous sowing exceeded the broad-row by 38.4%. Kornevin + ethamone and ethamone + chlorella suspension increased the seed capacity in continuous sowing by 17.0 and 17.1%, and in wide-row – 23.8 and 19.0%. The multiplication rate on a wide-row crop increased by an average of 180.7% compared to a continuous crop. Thus, continuous sowing is superior to wide-row sowing in terms of yield and seed cenosis capacity, but it is inferior in terms of reproduction rate. Pre-sowing seed treatment should be carried out with growth stimulators Kornevin (1 g/l of water) + ethamone (0.1 g/l of water) and ethamone (0.1 g/l of water) + chlorella suspension (dilution with water – 1:4).