Tailoring of Waste‐Derived CO ₂ Adsorbents From the Perspective of Apparent and Intrinsic Property Regulation

ABSTRACT

The conversion of waste materials into solid CO ₂ adsorbents is a promising strategy for carbon capture and waste management. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the preparation and modification of waste‐derived CO ₂ adsorbents, including carbon‐based materials, zeolites, metal–organic frameworks, layered double hydroxides, CaO, and Li ₄ SiO ₄ . These preparation and modification strategies are classified into two main routes based on how the regulatory pathways govern the material structures and properties. The first route relies on external chemical inputs (e.g., metal salts and silica/alumina precursors), enabling the precise and expected regulation of the composition and surface properties. In contrast, the second route exploits the intrinsic chemistry of waste streams, where inherent mineral phases, alkali species, and residual organics synergistically regulate the structure and properties, often leading to unexpected yet sustainable effects. This study provides a regulation‐oriented framework that links external and internal regulatory pathways to the evolution of apparent and intrinsic properties, offering new insights for the rational design of waste‐derived CO ₂ adsorbents.