Synthesis of vanillin via oxidation of kenaf stalks in the presence of CeO₂: tuning the catalytic behaviour of CeO₂via nanostructure morphology

A different form of CeO₂ nanostructures gives a prevalence of specific crystalline facets which display different reactivity in various catalytic processes. By adapting the shape and size, certain crystal clear facets can be exposed, leading to different structural and redox properties.