Synergistic Phytochemicals From Mitracarpus frigidus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) K. Schum. and Lantana camara Linn. in Chitosan Biofilms: Antioxidant an
Natasha Silva Mayrink, Julia Bertolini Fajardo, Mariane Rocha Cordeiro Comitre, Lucas de Araújo Carvalho, Mariana Iasbeck Dalcol, Priscila de Lima Paula, Lara Melo Campos, Maria Clara Machado Resende Guedes, Luiz Fernando Cappa de Oliveira, Elaine Soares Coimbra, Gilson Costa Macedo, Ângelo Márcio Leite Denadai, Ari Sérgio de Oliveira Lemos, Rodrigo Luiz FabriABSTRACT
Skin disorders associated with inflammation and oxidative stress remain challenging to treat, highlighting the need for safe and effective topical therapies. This study investigated the association of aqueous extract of Mitracarpus frigidus aerial parts (MFAq) and hydroalcoholic extract of Lantana camara leaves (LCHA) incorporated into chitosan‐based films for potential dermatological applications. Different extract ratios were initially evaluated for phytochemical composition, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory activities. The 1:1 MFAq:LCHA association was selected based on its balanced phytochemical profile, low cytotoxicity, and significant biological activity, with eleven major compounds identified by UFLC‐QTOF‐MS. This association reduced nitric oxide production by 88.83% and lipid droplet accumulation by 59.48%, while showing pronounced antioxidant activity. Chitosan films containing 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.5% (w/w) of the selected association were homogeneous, thermally stable, and exhibited suitable mechanical and physicochemical properties for topical application. The films maintained high cell viability and demonstrated significant antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and wound‐healing activities, including reductions in nitric oxide (up to 59.58%), reactive oxygen species, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines (up to 40.57% and 62.27% for IL‐6 and IL‐12), as well as enhanced fibroblast migration. Overall, these findings indicate that MFAq:LCHA‐loaded chitosan films represent a promising biodegradable and multifunctional platform for the treatment of skin disorders associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Further in vivo studies are warranted to confirm their therapeutic efficacy and safety.