Synergistic Bioremediation Potential of a Multi-Strain Bacillus Probiotic in Tilapia Cultures Under Biofloc Conditions

The study evaluated the bioremediation potential of a commercial probiotic composed of multi-strain Bacillus (B. subtilis CCT 0089, B. amyloliquefaciens ATCC 31592, B. licheniformis CCT 7836 and B. megaterium CCT 7935) in biofloc technology (BFT). In vitro, the ideal dosage was identified between concentrations [0.01], [0.10], [1.00], and [10.00] g m−3. Additionally, the growth of probiotic species was characterised in different temperature and oxygen conditions, resistance in 3.0% sodium chloride culture medium, enzyme production (protease, amylase, and lipase) and antibacterial activity. The in vivo experiment evaluated the bioremediation potential of the probiotic and its impact on the growth performance of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus raised in BFT conditions. The group that received the multi-strain Bacillus probiotic at a dosage of 0.10 g m−3 experienced a decrease in floc volume, toxic ammonia, and nitrate levels, leading to environmental enhancements and improved well-being for the cultured organisms. It is advisable to use the multi-strain probiotic at a dosage of 0.10 g m−3 in BFT conditions.