Suppression of Sub‐Salt Folding in Cover Sequences by Lateral Flow of Evaporites

ABSTRACT

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of stratal relationships associated with active folds developed along the Cyprus Arc in the Eastern Mediterranean. This analysis provides insights into the interconnected dynamics governing fold growth history, evaporite flow and their relationship with overlying stratigraphy. Two major phases of folding are recognised from interpretation of syn‐kinematic packages in reflection seismic data: an initial Oligocene–late Miocene to Messinian, followed by a second phase from the Pliocene to Recent. Inferences from seismic data suggest a potential underestimation of fold amplification during the most recent deformation phase due to the decoupling caused by the Messinian evaporite layer. Evidence derived from intra‐salt folds and observed thickness variations supports substantial evaporite flow down the flanks of folds, induced by pressure changes linked to fold growth. These findings shed light on the complexities of evaporite rheology and the timing of basin deformation in addition to drilling safety and stress transmission through basins.