DOI: 10.4103/jome.jome_14_26 ISSN: 3050-9521

Study of Prognostic Factors and its Association with Outcome in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

Suraj Jyotishchandra Mallick, Atul Uttamrao Yadgire
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BSTRACT

Background:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Identification of prognostic factors is critical for guiding clinical management and improving outcomes.

Objective:

To assess the prognostic factors and its association with outcome in patients with TBI.

Materials and Methods:

This longitudinal observational study included 71 adult TBI patients admitted under the General Surgery department. Demographic and clinical data, vital signs, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and laboratory parameters were recorded at presentation. Outcomes were classified as recovery, disability, or death. Associations between prognostic factors and outcomes were analyzed.

Results:

The majority of patients had moderate TBI (GCS 9–12). Prognostic factors significantly associated with outcome included age ( P = 0.004), GCS score ( P = 0.001), respiratory rate ( P = 0.02), SpO 2 ( P = 0.002), systolic blood pressure ( P = 0.004), hemoglobin ( P = 0.001), total leukocyte count ( P = 0.04), and platelet count ( P = 0.001). Younger age, higher GCS, normal oxygen saturation, and favorable hematological profiles were associated with better recovery. Overall, 71.83% recovered, 23.94% had disability, and 4.23% died.

Conclusion:

Prognostic factors, including age, GCS, vital signs, and laboratory parameters, are significantly associated with outcomes in TBI patients. Early identification and targeted management based on these indicators may improve clinical outcomes.

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