Studies on Antioxidants, Molecular Docking, Photophysics, and the Synthesis of New Dendrimers With Chalcone Decorations on Mesitylene Cores and Methylene p ‐ P

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the synthesis of methylene p ‐phenoxy bridged dendrimers, focusing on the (G0) zeroth, (G1) first, and (G2) second generation chalcone dendrimers, which are all built on mesitylene cores. Using chalcone dendrimers decorated with mesitylene‐cored methods, novel methylene p ‐phenoxy bridged dendrimer groups 5(G0) , 6(G1) , and 7(G2) were formed, and their structural elucidations were confirmed via ¹ H NMR and ¹³ C NMR spectral experimental analysis. Photophysical analyses of UV–visible spectra and fluorescence intensity reveal that the second‐generation chalcone‐decorated dendrimer 7(G2) demonstrates superior absorbance compared to the 6(G1) and 5(G0) , owing to the increased quantity of chalcone units. The absorption and emission band intensities of these compounds were found to increase as the number of chalcone units in the dendritic arrangements increased. All the newly created methylene p ‐phenoxy‐bridged dendrimers showed antioxidant activity when tested with the free radical assays DPPH, H ₂ O ₂ , O ₂ ⁻ , NO, and OH ⁻ . In particular, the second‐generation chalcone‐decorated dendrimer 7(G2) showed better antioxidant properties than the first‐ and zeroth‐generation chalcone‐decorated dendrimers 6(G1) and 5(G0) . Molecular docking investigations were conducted using constructed ligands 5(G0) with 6(G1) against oxidative stress conditions Prx‐SO2‐protein 3HY2 .