Structural–Electrostatic Activation of Mechanoelectrical Response in Amorphous Bisphenol‐A Polycarbonate via Electrospinning

ABSTRACT

Electrospinning can induce mechanoelectrical responses in several polymers, including amorphous systems; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear due to the coupled contributions of dipolar polarization and charge trapping. Here, bisphenol‐A polycarbonate (BPAPC), a typical amorphous engineering polymer, is processed into a high‐performance mechanoelectrical material via electrospinning. Under a compressive impact, the optimized BPAPC nanofiber device delivers a peak‐to‐peak open‐circuit voltage of 80.8 ± 3.6 V, a short‐circuit current of 96.5 ± 4.1 µA, and an apparent mechanoelectrical coefficient of 43.5 ± 1.6 pC N ⁻¹ , outperforming PVDF nanofibers tested under identical conditions. Compared with poled BPAPC cast films at the same areal density, the nanofiber membranes exhibit higher output, indicating that electrospinning is a more effective activation route than conventional electrical poling. Mechanistic investigations combining PFM, TSDC, charge‐elimination/recharging experiments, and molecular simulations collectively indicate a coupled structural–electrostatic mechanism, dominated by electret effects with residual piezoelectric‐like contributions. Electrospinning simultaneously promotes chain alignment and increases the trans–trans conformational population, thereby facilitating dipole organization at the molecular level. This work establishes a general structural–electrostatic activation principle in amorphous polymers and shows that mechanoelectrical functionality can be achieved without polar crystalline phases, providing a pathway for flexible energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing.